PELAKITA.ID – Global warming happens primarily due to human activities that increase greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations in the Earth’s atmosphere.
These gases trap heat, causing the planet’s temperature to rise over time. Here’s a breakdown of why global warming is happening:
Greenhouse Gas Emissions The greenhouse effect is a natural process that keeps Earth warm, but human activities have intensified it by increasing the amount of GHGs, such as: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) – from burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas), deforestation, and industrial processes.
Methane (CH₄) – from agriculture (livestock digestion), landfills, and oil/gas extraction. • Nitrous oxide (N₂O) – from fertilizers, industrial activities, and burning fuels. • Fluorinated gases – synthetic gases used in refrigeration and air conditioning.
Second, burning Fossil Fuels Since the Industrial Revolution, the large-scale burning of coal, oil, and natural gas has released massive amounts of CO₂ into the atmosphere. This has significantly increased global temperatures.
Third, deforestation Forests absorb CO₂, acting as “carbon sinks.” When trees are cut down (for agriculture, urban expansion, or logging), less CO₂ is absorbed, increasing greenhouse gas levels.
Fourth, industrial and agricultural activities. Factories release CO₂ and other pollutants. • Livestock farming produces methane (from cows and other ruminants). Fertilizers release nitrous oxide, a powerful greenhouse gas.
Fifth, urbanization and land use changes. Expanding cities increase energy consumption and heat emissions. Concrete and asphalt absorb more heat, increasing local temperatures (urban heat island effect).
Sixth, natural factors. Minimal Impact Compared to Human Activities). Volcanic eruptions release CO₂ but have a temporary cooling effect due to ash blocking sunlight.
Solar variations and Earth’s orbit changes influence climate over long timescales but do not explain the rapid warming we see today.
Effects of Global Warming: Rising global temperatures. Melting ice caps and rising sea levels. More extreme weather (heatwaves, storms, wildfires), ocean acidification and coral reef loss, disruptions in agriculture and food security.
Global warming is mainly caused by human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation.
Urgent actions like transitioning to renewable energy, protecting forests, and reducing emissions are needed to slow down the process.
Writer: Kamaruddin Azis
